Lesson 4.1.2 · El calendario
🗓️ Calendar — Months, Days & Dates
Months and days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish. Pin events in time with próximo (next), pasado (last), and en (in).
Sub-lessons
Break this lesson into focused chunks. Each sub-lesson has its own Memory Lab — active recall, mnemonics, elaboration, interleaved review, and shadowing — scoped to just those words.
The twelve months
Lowercase, always. Use 'en' for 'in': 'en enero', 'en julio'.
the month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Example sentences
Necesito el mes, por favor.
I need the month, please.
Mi amigo es muy enero.
My friend is very January.
La comida está febrero.
The food is February.
Mini-diálogo
¿Dónde está el mes?
Where is the month?
La comida está enero.
The food is January.
Anchoring a month in time
Pattern: 'el [mes] pasado' = last X. 'El próximo [mes]' = next X. 'En [mes]' = in X. 'Todos los meses' = every month.
in January
next January
last January
every month
the date
Example sentences
en enero.
in January.
¿Dónde está el próximo enero?
Where is the next January?
Me gusta el enero pasado.
I like the last January.
Mini-diálogo
Siempre digo: "en enero".
I always say, "in January."
Me gusta el próximo enero.
I like the next January.
Days of the week
Also lowercase. The week in Colombia starts on lunes (Monday). 'El lunes' = on Monday; 'los lunes' = on Mondays.
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Example sentences
Hoy estoy domingo.
Today I feel Sunday.
Mi amigo es muy lunes.
My friend is very Monday.
La comida está martes.
The food is Tuesday.
Mini-diálogo
Mi amigo es muy domingo.
My friend is very Sunday.
La comida está lunes.
The food is Monday.
Memory lab
Five research-backed techniques — active recall, mnemonics, elaboration, interleaving, and production — applied to this lesson's vocabulary. Your progress trains a spaced-repetition schedule under the hood.
Force the answer from memory before peeking. The struggle is the workout — that's the testing effect.
Recall from English
December
Practice exercises
Test what stuck. Multiple-choice and fill-in-the-blank — pulled live from this lesson's vocabulary.
el próximo enero
el mes
domingo
lunes
enero
el enero pasado
Fill the blank
Mi amigo es muy _____.
My friend is very January.
Fill the blank
en _____.
in January.
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